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Two ended arrow connedting two Vin or Vout points?

If you look at the picture below, you see that Vin and Vout connect two points with arrows. What exactly do the arrows mean?

fil51.gif
 

Harald Kapp

Moderator
Moderator
Welcome to EP.
These arrows indicate that Vin and Vout, respectively, are connected between the two circles (input and output). The bidirectional arrow is typically used in anglo-american based designs. In Europe it is much more comon to use a single arrow to indicate the (assumed) direction or polarity of a voltage (useful for setting up wquations for node analysis of a circuit).
 
These arrows are somewhat analogous to dimension lines on a mechanical drawing showing the distance between 2 points, only on a schematic the arrows & descriptors show the signals or power in some cases & the terminals.
 
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