Andreas said:
Hello,
Hello,
I want to feed my mobile-phone with electricity using a solar-cell
system. This is a pretty exotic thing, that I have in mind and it's a
first-timer.
Charging a cell phone using solar PV is hardly exotic.
You can buy a wide variety of solar cell phone chargers.
.... just a few samples of the hundreds of products out there...
http://www.modernoutpost.com/gear/details/mv_solarpanel.html
http://21st-century-goods.com/page/21st/PROD/SM400
http://www.costco.com/Browse/Product.aspx?ProdID=11099302
http://www.tenergybattery.com/index.asp?PageAction=VIEWPROD&ProdID=146
For this I need
a) specially shaped solar-cells, shaped to my own desire.
Solar cells are typically flat and crystalline (glass). You can,
if you are really careful and have the right tools, cut them to
whatever shapes you desire but most people have no problem with
square. Exotic, flexible and other kinds of cells exist but they
are going to cost a lot more and will be less efficient.
b) the formula to calculate my energy-needs.
Same formula as for any solar PV system.
Start with how much energy your device uses. Most cell phone
batteries have their capacity and voltage clearly printed on
them.
For instance, the Nokia 8360 battery is 700 mAh, 3.6 Volts.
mAh is mili (1/1000) Amp Hours. Watts = Amps x Volts so this
battery (when new) holds .7Ah x 3.6V = 2.52 Watt-hours.
I don't know exactly the run time this gives on that phone
but let's call it 2.52 hours to make the math easy. You would
need a solar PV cell that produces 1W if you want to use the
phone indefinitely in strong sunlight. Somewhat less if you
don't mind letting the phone charge a while between calls and
somewhat more if you want to quick charge during breaks in the
clouds.
The math goes something like this... The STC rating of the
panel needs to be derated anywhere from 10 to 20% because the
real world doesn't match test conditions. Figure another 5 to
10% (or so) loss from the charging circuitry in the phone. Then
figure out how many hours of bright, direct, full noon, sunlight
you are willing to let the thing recharge.
For instance, if you want to recharge that 2.52 Wh battery in
4 hours (all day in most places) of noon-sun then you need
(2.52Wh /.80% / .90% / 4h=) .875 Watts.
c) a little advice on the rest.
My advice, cell phone networks don't extend much past civilization.
Anywhere there is civilization you will typically find some source
of electricity. Get a good universal charger (110-240 Vac) and a
car charger (12V) and recharge when the opportunity arises.
If you simply must have a solar PV charger then buy any of the many
models already in existence or buy a larger 12V panel, charge regulator
and deep cycle 12V battery and run any kind of 12V appliance.
Anthony