I can't tell what question you're trying to ask. If you mean during construction of a circuit, it's usual to install IC sockets, connectors, link wires, resistors, capacitors and diodes before you install other semiconductors, then install socketed ICs last. Within those groups, order is not important.
If you mean that you have a resistor and a capacitor in series, with no other connection to the point where they connect together, then generally it makes no difference what order they are connected in. Occasionally it can be significant, for example in circuitry that operates at radio frequencies or higher, because it may affect the circuit layout, which can be critical.
