Sync to the AC line from ambient pickup?
The obvious problem is the +/-120 degree phase shift problem depending
of which phase you are picking up from the three phase network.
As far as I understand, the US does not have a synchronous AC network.
In continental Europe, most countries are in the UCTE synchronous
network, however, the ex. CIS IPS, the Scandinavian NORDEL and the UK
systems are not synchronous and are floating freely from each other.
Or use some available RF, like a TV station?
In countries, in which there still is an analog service, it would be
quite easy to lock into horizontal/vertical synch signal. An analog
satellite broadcaster would be interesting (if you find one). Perhaps
the best chance would be in the C-band (4 GHz).
WWV? GPS? How about one of those cheap WWVH
watches/clocks?
WWV in the US, Rugby (60 kHz) or Mayflingen (77.5 kHz) would be a good
source in Europe.
GPS would no doubt be the best solution.
Do your own RF transmitter/receivers?
Day/Night with photocells? That would be a slow loop.
If you program the equation of time into your device, you could use a
very narrow slit to let the sun rays into the photocell, when the sun
passes the meridian. Since the sun is about 0.5' wide, so it takes
about 2 minutes to pass a that wide slit, this will significantly
reduce the loop time constant required.