Now back to the actual topic.... Surge Protection
not really sure why you are relating freq to hi energy surges would love to hear your ummm explanation
The most common way of dissapating hi energy pulses (>200V) on any sort of transmission line will vary with the expected level of the surges.....
for example on RF feed systems to antennas spark gap and gas discharge devices connected between the cables and ground are the most common as they dont affect the impedance of the cable.
on, say household and other general equip across 110/240VAC mains supply a mix of gas discharge, MOV's or PTC's can be found.
a lot of incorrect assumptions.... much equip (specially test gear) already has mains filters. The last thing you want to do is reflect it back down the line it doesnt really achieve much... well nothing good anyway
there are things called Hi pass, Lo pass and band pass filters for filtering out unwanted SIGNALS.... NOT Surges 2 very different beasts
Dave